angle sensor

For geotechnical use, MEMS-based angle sensors from Kingmach usually achieve ±0.01° to ±0.05° over the full range. Narrow-range units can resolve down to 0.001°, which matters when you're tracking slow movements in a dam or a retaining wall. The spec sheet will list non-linearity, repeatability, and temperature drift separately, so you can pick the right model for your precision needs.

Yes. They often go into inclinometer casing with a vertical orientation using a wheeled carriage, or you can fix a surface-mount model to a bracket at the borehole collar. If the hole is wet, choose an IP68 sensor and make sure the cable entry is properly sealed. Kingmach provides standard 3/8-inch steel cable with Kevlar strain relief for deep installations.

It depends on what you need to measure. Uniaxial sensors track tilt in one plane, which works fine for a cantilever retaining wall leaning outward. Biaxial sensors capture tilt in two perpendicular axes, useful when you're monitoring a pier that could shift in any direction. Biaxial models cost a bit more but give you a fuller picture without installing two separate units.

Most likely yes if your logger accepts standard analog inputs or RS485 Modbus. You can specify the output type when ordering—4-20mA is common for long cable runs, 0-5V for short distances, and digital for multi-sensor networks. The sensor comes with a wiring chart, and Kingmach support will check your logger specs before shipment to avoid compatibility issues.